cross-posted from: https://hachyderm.io/users/maegul/statuses/111820598712013429

Is decentralised federated social media over engineered?

Can’t get this brain fart out of my head.

What would the simplest, FOSS, alternative look like and would it be worth it?

Quick thoughts:

* FOSS platforms intended to be big single servers, but dedicated to …
* Shared/Single Sign On
* Easy cross posting
* Enabling and building universal Multi-platform clients.
* Unlike email, supporting small servers

No duplication/federation/protocol required, just software.

#fediverse
@fediverse

  • 9point6@lemmy.world
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    5 months ago

    The more simple approaches have already been tried and tend to die before they live.

    Social media requires a network effect in order to be successful. Given the established players have had nearly 2 decades to accumulate vast networks, it would be a huge uphill struggle to start from zero content and users. Federated & decentralised social media is the answer to this—you get a network for free, giving the software a chance to stand on its own merits.

    For this to all work correctly, they must all talk the same, ideally standard, language (the activitypub protocol) and for decentralised software to actually be decentralised, there can be no single point of failure (therefore caching). As someone mentioned, SSO is inherently centralised, even with something like OpenID, if your authority is down, your account is unusable, so it wouldn’t really add much to the experience as it stands (and possibly may risk complicating it more for new users).

    • maegul@lemmy.mlOP
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      5 months ago

      Yea, buy in and network effects are certainly the tricky part. But that’s also true of the fediverse … it’s been going a long time and in many ways was really “gifted” with Musk’s twitter purchase (seriously, if someone else were to take charge there and reset it back to pre-musk, you’d see a bunch of people leave masto) … and Spez’s API pricing. Before these events, the fedi was pretty quiet compared to now. Lemmy, before the reddit migration was very quiet and may very well have failed by now or soon were it not for the migration.

      Moreover, ActivityPub doesn’t get you seamless network effects. Lemmy and mastodon mostly don’t have cross-traffic, and that’s because their platforms basically lack any mutual support for each other. If they worked well with each other, Lemmy would be a much busier place (and masto would be better structured). Same probably goes to some extent for things like Peertube and bookwyrm. There’s also the lowest common denominator effect when it comes to features. One platform may support/provide “Quote posts”. But because Mastodon doesn’t, and they have the bigger user base, it doesn’t really matter, as no one else will see the quote posts and so the new platform doesn’t really have much to offer new users, which in turn basically turns the fediverse into the mastoverse (which is actually happening) and undermines the promise of enabling new platforms with built in network effects. Mastodon could just become one big single server or platform today and many probably wouldn’t mind.

      Otherwise, RE SSO, I had in mind that trusted platforms would be mutual sources of authentication such that an account on one is effectively an account on all of them.

  • Max-P@lemmy.max-p.me
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    5 months ago

    I wouldn’t be on Lemmy if it wasn’t federated.

    Why? Because I don’t want to be trapped into another ecosystem that will do a Twitter/Reddit when it gets big enough. Reddit clones are plentiful, but they’re all fragmented in the user base. At least with Lemmy that doesn’t matter, I can use any community from my home instance.

    ActivityPub in itself really isn’t that bad, there’s a lot more that goes into the platform as a whole. And it’s also a good choice because it’s a standard protocol that everyone agrees on. Is it perfect? Probably not. But it works good enough, and we now have Lemmy alternatives in the form of Sublinks and K/Mbin. There’s also a decent chunk of toy ActivityPub projects out there as well.

    I can still be trapped in a dying ecosystem but that’s true of every site and at least I have the option of taking my data and converting it to another software if I want to.

    • maegul@lemmy.mlOP
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      5 months ago

      And it’s also a good choice because it’s a standard protocol that everyone agrees on.

      Not sure how true this is in practice. See eg: https://hachyderm.io/@hrefna/111812820133158591 And there’s of course BlueSky and ATProto that may alter that truth drastically (we’ll see)

      Otherwise, I hear you. Thing is I’m aiming for something in the middle. If the platforms are all FOSS and commit to easy movement/migration features (which the fediverse sucks at to be fair) as well as good quality aggregators (which the fediverse also sucks at), then maybe your concerns aren’t a fatal possibility?

      Also, and I do apoligise for making this a tad personal … it seems you’re on an instance that’s mostly for you or small group of friends (which is awesome! How’s it going?) … which is a level of enjoyment of what the fediverse offers beyond most people and even beyond what many capable of doing so would want to do for their social media. Meeting things in the middle is also about bringing better social media to more people, which could naturally deprive the technically capable of their abilities to be flexible with their needs (though in a way BlueSky’s promise is kinda to do both, if it succeeds).

  • Square Singer@feddit.de
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    5 months ago

    E-mail. E-mail does support small servers.

    Btw, I think you are mixing up a few topics here, so let’s see what you actually want.

    • Protocols are what computers use to communicate with each other. No protocols means no interaction between different computers/servers. Without protocols, none of the things you ask for can be possible.
    • Federated services don’t have single sign on. On the contrary, single sign on is a centralized service not a distributed one. To clarify that: I cannot log into lemmy.world with my feddit.de accout, same as I cannot log into hotmail with my gmail account. In both cases I log into my instance/provider and this allows me to communicate with people on other instances/providers. Federation is the process of sharing content between instances. SSO on the other hand is a centralized service that then communicates with other services to let you log into these other services. For example, I can log into my Google account and then use this to login to other sites. This only works because people trust Google. This would not work as a decentralized service with untrusted servers.
    • Duplication is used on federated services for a few reasons. First, it’s a kind of caching mechanism distributing the load. If someone posts something on one instance, it’s transferred only once to the other instances which then serve it to all their users. Without duplication, each individual view would have to be requested again from the original instance. The other advantage is that the admins of all the instances retain control over the content. If the other instance goes offline, users can still see “their” copy of the content. And if the other instance doesn’t moderate their content, the mods/admins of your instance can do that themselves.

    So as you see, these concepts aren’t there just for fun, but for a purpose.

    • maegul@lemmy.mlOP
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      5 months ago

      Protocols are what computers use to communicate with each other. No protocols means no interaction between different computers/servers. Without protocols, none of the things you ask for can be possible.

      By “Protocol” I was referring specifically to ActivityPub and the difficulties of engineering against that standard and then the compute resources required to perform the federation tasks. And in addition, the work of inventing a new protocol and the systems around it, as oppose to relying on the protocols and systems that already exist, which I presume would be mostly sufficient to run what I suggest. Obviously at a general level a “protocol” is required for any interoperation between platforms or servers over the internet, so I’m honestly not sure where you’re coming from with this feedback.


      Federated services don’t have single sign on. On the contrary, single sign on is a centralized service …

      I’m not talking about the fediverse currently having SSO.

      I was brief in the top post, in part to start a conversation but because it was originating from mastodon. But the “platforms … dedicated to …” part of my post was referring to the idea that a system of trust would be committed to amongst the suggested platforms where they’d be mutually trusted sources of authentication.


      Duplication is used on federated services for a few reasons …

      I said “over engineered” not “just for fun”.

      The premise of my post is to question and ponder the tradeoffs involved. Keeping in mind that social media has for a long time and continues to operate through centralised servers with many many people being very happy with it, the UX and development issues created by the underlying design of the fediverse may not be worth the technical features.

      Implicit in my post is the idea that decentralised/federated social media might be a bit of technological idea that technologists like without thinking through the practicalities and usability issues. Many have bounced off of the fediverse for essentially this reason … because in the end the point of social media is the social part not the independent decentralised data resilience part.

      I like the fediverse as much as anyone … I was here before the reddit migration promoting lemmy and kbin on mastodon. But I’d prefer an open and free social media space that works for people rather than one that’s futilely married to a tech idea and particular implementation (ActivityPub).

      In the end, I’m wondering if there’s a middle way and have simply put up my first attempt at a set of ideas.


      Otherwise, beyond the substance of your reply, I have to say that your reply was unnecessarily condescending. My post was rather short, so thinking it was without any meaning or coming from a completely ignorant place makes some sense, but without really having much to offer to the actual issues or discussion in your reply (you seem to have missed the essential thrust of simply having a few large servers committed to being open and working together as an easier alternative to big-corp social media), you managed to also make it clear that you thought my ideas were silly or juvenile. Perhaps I am being silly, but I feel your tone and presumptions were unnecessary.

      • Blaze@discuss.online
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        5 months ago

        as oppose to relying on the protocols and systems that already exist,

        Which alternative to ActivityPub would you suggest?

      • Square Singer@feddit.de
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        5 months ago

        Sorry, no condescension intended.

        Your post read like one written by someone with very minimal knowledge about the subject, which might have been a misunderstanding on my part. So I tried to cover the basics before talking about the rest.

        There is really no shame in asking questions about something where you don’t have experience. There are far more topics I have no idea about than there are topics where I do have a deep understanding.

        So to get on the same page, I’ll summarize what I understood, please correct me if you mean something different.

        • You don’t like ActivityPub, you want a new protocol
        • The system should make it easy to create new, small instances
        • The instances should share sessions with the other instances (=single sign on) based on trusting them
        • You prefer a centralized system?
        • You want the system to not use a single protocol (ActivityPub), but use multiple protocols?
        • ActivityPub based services have bad UX due to the complexity of the protocol

        Is this correct?

        We have a few contradictions here.

        You cannot have a system where anyone can easily create servers and at the same time have shared sessions based on trust. These two requirements conflict with each other.

        Either servers only work with servers they trust, and then you can’t just create a new small server and interact with the network.

        Or anyone can easily create a new small server, but then you can’t do anything based on trust, since you never know if that server was created with malicious intent.

        Regarding centralized/decentralized you have to differentiate between implementation and management.

        All major social networks run distributed systems. If you want to serve billions of users, you need to run millions of servers. These servers are distributed around the globe to give fast access to users everywhere. Chances are pretty high that your ISP has a few racks of Facebook, Netflix, YouTube and Tiktok servers.

        Their distributed system is orders of magnitude more complex than everything running ActivityPub combined.

        But their system works, because they have tens of thousands of highly paid specialists to make them work.

        ActivityPub based services on the other hand have almost no funding and manpower.

        Mastodon is the best in this respect. They have 6 people who are actually working on the system.

        Lemmy has two developers who earn close to minimum wages.

        Kbin has a single guy developing it.

        That’s the real reason why the UX is crap.

        If anything, ActivityPub and the services running on them are extremely underengineered and underdeveloped.

        Btw, there is something rather close to what you seem to want: online forums with Google single sign on.

        The forums are not interacting at all with other forums. No federation or anything at all. There are enough commercial solutions that work really well. And with Google Single Sign On you also don’t have to register for each forum.

        • maegul@lemmy.mlOP
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          5 months ago

          Sorry, no condescension intended. …

          All good!!

          And thanks for the reply! I don’t have time now to read through it, but will later. Just wanted to say I’m aware my post was very short and understand where you were coming from … and that, for me, if I address an issue I have with tone, it’s in the interests of the community, kinda “tone policing” as awful a term that is to say out loud … to just let someone know they may not come off as well as they or we would like. But I’m all good personally and look forward to reading your post!

  • Sentient Loom@sh.itjust.works
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    5 months ago

    I still think we need a simple social media protocol that gives me the power to curate my feed rather than hoping my admins don’t defederate with everybody else (followed by hordes of drooling goons telling me to start my own instance).

    • maegul@lemmy.mlOP
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      5 months ago

      Well that’s kinda the point of my quick suggestion in the original post.

      Instead of committing to federation, how about committing to aggregating clients that allow you to do exactly this. Right now, there’s no app that will work for both lemmy/kbin and mastodon/microblogging. No way to unify the notifications or even combine the feeds or just have a unified interface for the two platforms (that are, let’s face, both just full of text messages and feeds).

      By allowing each platform to be distinct but remain open with their APIs and “play nice with each other” while leaning into the value of aggregators as a primary part of the value proposition of the system, users might be better served.

      • Sentient Loom@sh.itjust.works
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        5 months ago

        I have a hard time imagining what that looks like, which is just a failure of my ability to think about these technologies. But what I’m talking about is a little different, simply because I don’t think we can go from these diverse systems into something simple and elegantly connected.

        I mean something like email but structured differently. Though email still has spam filters and blacklists, and a new social media protocol might still need those (inevitably infringing on my curatorial freedom similarly to defederation).

        My point is that I’m still looking for something new, rather than to reform the defediverse.

        Edit:

        I might be wrong. It might be good to leverage what we started here and reform the tech to give users more freedom, and take pressure from admins.

        Also… maybe email is not the example I should follow. Maybe it’s more like torrents. P2P social media.

    • Blaze@discuss.online
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      5 months ago

      You are on SJW, are you really concerned about defederation? You guys seem to be doing well over there

      • Sentient Loom@sh.itjust.works
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        5 months ago

        They’re not the worst, but I want literally nobody restricting my access to literally anybody (criminal behavior a grudging exception, and even that I’d prefer to take care of myself).

        Also, I fled a couple other places first.

        I just don’t want a Mommy and Daddy telling me which servers are Naughty or Nice. I don’t want technology that enables those restrictions at all.

  • ryathal@sh.itjust.works
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    5 months ago

    The fediverse isn’t over engineered, it’s just not quite focused on the right aspects. A federated social network needs to be more like a block chain, where the content is centralized, and the instances (miners) are decentralized. The content is the important part, and with everything being tied to an instance, it makes the content harder to access. You have instances defederating, going down, closing, and version conflicts, all that makes it harder for a network to gain traction.

    • blue_berry@lemmy.world
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      5 months ago

      You are describing a different thing than what the idea of the fediverse is. Content is collected at an instance and these instances federate. That’s why its called Fediverse: people basically form groups, these group federate. It’s a social thing, there is trust involved. With blockchain, the idea is that you don’t need to trust a central entity.

      I think you talk about something like nostr.

      • ryathal@sh.itjust.works
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        5 months ago

        It doesn’t need to have the full trustless or buring energy for fun, but it does need to be resilient against instances going down, which currently isn’t the case.

        • Ludrol@szmer.info
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          5 months ago

          What specific edgecase do you have in mind. The fediverse is coping data and is quite resiliant against data loss.

          • ryathal@sh.itjust.works
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            5 months ago

            If an instance shuts down everything from it is just gone. ML already ran into dns issues once, if it goes, 20% of lemmy is just gone.

    • Ludrol@szmer.info
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      5 months ago

      But who will moderate the content? Who is to say to what is legal and where? In USA and in EU different pieces of information can be shown. CSAM needs to be removed. Main lemmy devs removed only active mod on !anime!anime@lemmy.ml due differences in censorship.

        • Ludrol@szmer.info
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          5 months ago

          Blockchain is immutable so you can’t remove the content.

          The same people can’t moderate the content if content is centralised, there would need be an overlord that sets the rules.

          • ryathal@sh.itjust.works
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            5 months ago

            Block chain was more on analogy than implementation. The key is that data isn’t bound to an instance, and ideally most people never need to know about instances.

    • maegul@lemmy.mlOP
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      5 months ago

      Sounds like you’re describing BlueSky there. Have you looked into it?

      Unless you’re talking about something more nostr/web3.0?

      • sir_reginald@lemmy.world
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        5 months ago

        bluesky depends on one single entity. they promised a lot about their protocol, but they have yet to show that other instances other than the official one can operate in a fully independent manner.

        • maegul@lemmy.mlOP
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          5 months ago

          I was under the impression that it’s clear that additional relays can work within their system? Have they not setup anything in the protocol for how that’d work?